Alabama Cosmetology Licensing Practice Exam

What is the difference between a chemical relaxer and a perm?

1. A relaxer makes curls tighter, while a perm straightens hair

2. A relaxer straightens hair, while a perm adds curls

3. A relaxer is used for temporary changes, while perm is permanent

4. There is no difference, both achieve the same result

The correct answer is: A relaxer straightens hair, while a perm adds curls

The distinction between a chemical relaxer and a perm is foundational in cosmetology. A chemical relaxer is specifically designed to straighten hair by breaking down the protein structure, making it more manageable for those with naturally curly or wavy hair. The process results in a smoother, straighter appearance. In contrast, a perm (short for "permanent wave") adds curls or waves to hair that may be straight or lacking volume. This is accomplished through a different chemical process that alters the hair’s structure to create a new curl formation. Understanding these functions is crucial for hairstylists, as it helps them select the right treatment for their client's desired hairstyle outcome. This differentiation also allows for better communication with clients regarding what to expect from each service and assists in achieving their specific hair goals.